英语的名词性从句是指包含一个名词性引导词(如what, who, whom, whose, which, where, when, why, how, that)的从句,这个从句作为整个句子的主语、宾语、同位语或表语(首字母合起来简称SOAP),在从句中代替了一个名词或名词短语。
英语的名词性从句包括以下几种:
- 主语从句(Subject Clauses)
这种名词性从句用作主句的主语,常用that, what, who, whether等连词引导。例如:
- That you are here is a good sign.
你在这里是个好兆头。 - What he said is true.
他说的是对的。 - Whether he will come is unknown.
他是否会来还是未知数。
2. 宾语从句(Object Clauses)
这种名词性从句用作主句的宾语,常用连词 that, whether, if, what, who, whom, whose, how, when, where 等引导。例如:
- He said that he would come to the party.
他说他会来参加聚会。 - I don’t know whether/if he can finish the job on time.
我不知道他是否能按时完成工作。 - She asked me what I wanted for dinner.
她问我晚餐想吃什么。
3. 同位语从句(Appositive Clauses)
这种名词性从句用来解释或说明主句中的名词或代词,常用连词 that 引导。例如:
- The news that he had won the prize made everyone happy.
他获奖的消息让大家都很开心。
4. 表语从句(Predicative Clauses)
这种名词性从句用作主句的表语,常用连词 that 或 whether 引导。例如:
- The important thing is that you are safe now.
重要的是你现在安全了。 - His worry is whether he can pass the exam.
他担心的是能否通过考试。