英语的名词性从句是指包含一个名词性引导词(如what, who, whom, whose, which, where, when, why, how, that)的从句,这个从句作为整个句子的主语、宾语、同位语或表语(首字母合起来简称SOAP),在从句中代替了一个名词或名词短语。

英语的名词性从句包括以下几种:

  1. 主语从句(Subject Clauses)

这种名词性从句用作主句的主语,常用that, what, who, whether等连词引导。例如:

  • That you are here is a good sign.
    你在这里是个好兆头。
  • What he said is true.
    他说的是对的。
  • Whether he will come is unknown.
    他是否会来还是未知数。

2. 宾语从句(Object Clauses)

这种名词性从句用作主句的宾语,常用连词 that, whether, if, what, who, whom, whose, how, when, where 等引导。例如:

  • He said that he would come to the party.
    他说他会来参加聚会。
  • I don’t know whether/if he can finish the job on time.
    我不知道他是否能按时完成工作。
  • She asked me what I wanted for dinner.
    她问我晚餐想吃什么。

3. 同位语从句(Appositive Clauses)

这种名词性从句用来解释或说明主句中的名词或代词,常用连词 that 引导。例如:

  • The news that he had won the prize made everyone happy.
    他获奖的消息让大家都很开心。

4. 表语从句(Predicative Clauses)

这种名词性从句用作主句的表语,常用连词 that 或 whether 引导。例如:

  • The important thing is that you are safe now.
    重要的是你现在安全了。
  • His worry is whether he can pass the exam.
    他担心的是能否通过考试。